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Ranunculus hawaiensis

A.Gray (1854)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Ranunculopsida Order: Ranunculales Family: Ranunculaceae Genus: Ranunculus

‘awa kanaloa [awa kanaloa], makou

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Erect or ascending perennial herbs 5–20 dm tall.

Stems: Stems densely hispid with golden or whitish, spreading to erect hairs.

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves compound (twice ternate). Alternate. Leaflets lanceolate to ovate, terminal irregularly toothed and lobed, the teeth usually bluntly acute to obtuse, leaflets usually 5–7 cm long, 4–7 cm wide, the terminal one largest. Surfaces moderately to densely strigose. Margins entire or serrate (Cauline leaves). Petiolate. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers numerous in branched, relatively open cymes. Flowers bisexual (perfect), actinomorphic. Calyx of 5 sepals, yellowish green, lanceolate to ovate, ca. 5.5–8 mm long, reflexed. Corolla of 5(–10) petals; petals yellow and glossy on upper surface, obovate, 7–10 mm long, with a scale–covered nectary at base. Stamens (5–)numerous; anthers dithecal, opening by a longitudinal slit. Ovary superior; carpels numerous, each 1-celled.

Fruit: Achenes numerous in an ovoid head; obovate–suborbicular; ca. 5 mm long; margined with a narrow wing; the faces minutely but conspicuously pitted; beak straight or slightly curved; 0.9– 1.2 mm long. Seeds with a copious endosperm and small embryo.

Ploidy: 2n = 28*

Habitat: Rare in mesic forest; on grassy slopes and scree; and in open pastures.

Elevation Range: 1,820–2,040 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Maui Endemic
Hawai'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Bibliography

Name Published In: U.S. Expl. Exped., Phan. 1: 10 (1854)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:1088 (EM, H); PEPP 2025/Olson 84 BISH (M†, 1937)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry ohia forest with mixed native trees and a native shurb and mixed grass understory. Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 3841 Hawaii BISH 1979-06-14
2 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Above tree line, growing in cinders with few scattered grass clumps, Carex macloviana, and herbs. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 927 Hawaii BISH 1982-09-21
3 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing on skid trail with kikuyu grass in disturbed Metrosideros - Acacia koa forest. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 563 Hawaii BISH 1980-09-12
4 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry ohia forest with mixed native trees and a native shurb and mixed grass understory. Preserved_Specimen Stemmermann, R.L. 3841 Hawaii BISH 1979-06-14
5 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8330 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
6 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 279 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
7 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 150 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-14
8 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 858 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-14
9 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3220 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-01
10 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 214 Hawaii BISH 1911-06-19
11 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1461 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-20
12 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 332 Hawaii BISH 1911-07-18
13 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 1108 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-01
14 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Neal, M.C. 856 Hawaii BISH 1935-08-18
15 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8330 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
16 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 210 Maui BISH 1910-07-01
17 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8330 Hawaii BISH 1910-06-01
18 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 279 Maui BISH 1910-08-01
19 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 23126 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-01
20 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Maui BISH
21 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Russ, G.W. Hawaii BISH 1927-06-01
22 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. Hawaii BISH 1979-08-09
23 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 3222 Hawaii BISH 1909-07-01
24 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Hillebrand, W.B. BISH 1872-01-01
25 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8577 Maui BISH 1910-10-01
26 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. 822 Hawaii BISH 1915-06-12
27 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. 8577 Maui BISH 1910-10-01
28 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 26820 Hawaii BISH 1971-06-25
29 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing meadow ricegrass on floor of open `ohi`a - koa - hapu`u forest. Preserved_Specimen Cuddihy, L.W. 936 Hawaii BISH 1981-11-18
30 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Open, cleared area alongside jeep road. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 308 Hawaii BISH 1980-06-25
31 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing in open cleared area and in skid trail. Disturbed Acacia koa - Metrosideros forest with Myoporum. Preserved_Specimen Davis, J. 353 Hawaii BISH 1980-08-26
32 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Growing in fairly dry area. Preserved_Specimen Olson, G.E. 84 Maui BISH 1937-08-25
33 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Mature Metrosideros forest w/Vaccinium, Styphelia, Myrsine, Cheirodendron, koa; understory dominated by introduced grasses. Preserved_Specimen Jeffrey, J. Hawaii BISH 1991-08-18
34 Ranunculus hawaiensis Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Dry ohia forest with mixed native treesa and a native shrub and mixed grass understory. Rare; growing on aa substrate. Preserved_Specimen Warshauer, F.R. 2297 Hawaii BISH 1979-06-14
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